Most cases of head injury are mild but there are a number of individuals who suffer from permanent residual symptoms and serious difficulties due to their injury.
Two of the most common permanent problems:
The causes of brain damage from a head injury can be grouped into two categories: Closed head injury occurs when the head stops suddenly while in motion and the brain hits the inside of the skull causing damage. This can often occur without any external damage to the head and the extent of the damage can be deceptive as outwardly the head and behaviour may appear to be fine. Brain swelling can result from a closed head injury which may lead to an increase in intracranial pressure causing further compression injury.
If an object penetrates the skull, the resulting head injury is called an open head injury. The skull can fracture if the force is great enough but this terminology refers to the condition of the skull and not the brain. A person may be described as having an open injury with or without severe traumatic damage.
The Diagnosis of brain damage is usually carried out by a combination of scans and psychometric testing to examine different aspects of the brains performance.
Minor head injuries rarely lead to permanent problems but symptoms may include headaches, tiredness, insomnia, dizziness, sensitivity to noise and/or light, ringing in the ears, visual problems such as blurred vision, restlessness, finding it hard to concentrate, memory loss, irritability, anxiety and depression and fluctuations of emotional state.
More serious head injuries that can result in permanent problems can show signs of difficulty with concentration, memory and mental functions such as problem solving and learning.
Head injuries can have damaging effects to people's lives. Read more about the different types of head injury and their symptoms.
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